● TUretero-nephroscopy yog ib qho kev phais me me, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho pob zeb ureteral thiab ureteral strictures. Thaum tus neeg mob qhov tso zis ntau dua li ntawm 1.5 cm, feem ntau pom zoo kom tus neeg mob siv ureteroscopy thiab laser lithotripsy los txhawb cov metabolism hauv lub cev.
● Peb tau cog lus rau kev tsim khoom thiab kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho endoscope txij li xyoo 1998, thiab cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam tshuaj hauv Suav teb yog siab li 70%, raws li peb cov neeg siv khoom zoo heev, kev pabcuam thiab xa khoom sai.